SSL (Secure Sockets Layer) certificates have become an indispensable element for any website. They play a vital role in ensuring data encryption and enhancing search engine visibility. In fact, if all other parameters are the same, Google’s algorithm is such that it prefers pages that have SSL certifications. According to research conducted by MOZ of all the first pages of a Google search result, more than 50% of the pages were HTTPS pages. Simply put, Google doesn’t want its users to access unsafe websites.
SSL certificates also provide security by encrypting and decrypting messages as they traverse between systems or clients and servers, reducing the attack surface for cybercriminals. For these reasons, SSL certificates are not only vital for websites like e-commerce, hospitals, banks, schools, etc. that collect sensitive data but also for other websites to gain more traffic.
Currently, there are multiple SSL options available in the market. However, when it comes to selecting the best SSL certificate for your website, sifting through the options can become a herculean task.
Let’s delve into the nuances of free SSL vs. paid SSL certificates, and understand their differences, which can help you to make an informed decision.
What is the difference between free SSL and paid SSL?
Free SSL certificates, as the name suggests, come at no cost and are a popular choice for website owners, particularly those with basic security needs. These certificates typically offer only, making them suitable for small-scale websites and personal blogs. They provide the essential “https” secure connection but lack some of the advanced features found in paid SSL certificates.
On the other hand, paid SSL certificates are issued by Certificate Authorities (CAs) after a thorough verification process, ensuring the legitimacy of the website and its owner. They offer a range of validation levels, including Domain Validation (DV), Organization Validation (OV), and Extended Validation (EV). Each of these certificates provides different levels of trust and authentication. Paid SSL certificates are well-suited for e-commerce platforms, large enterprises, and websites that handle sensitive customer data.
Here are the differences in detail:
1. Encryption
Both free and paid SSL certificates employ the latest cryptographic protocols and technologies to secure data transmission between web browsers and servers. There are no significant differences between the two in terms of encryption. Both utilize common algorithms like SHA-256 and TLS 1.2 and 1.3.
For instance, free SSL certificates like Let’s Encrypt, Amazon, and Cloudflare, as well as commercial brands like Sectigo, DigiCert, and Thawte, all utilize these robust encryption standards. However, the length of RSA keys may vary.
2. Validation
While encryption may be the fundamental aspect of SSL certificates, identity verification on the other hand is a critical element. This is where paid SSL certificates have a significant edge over their free counterparts.
SSL validation ensures that the certificate is issued by a trusted Certificate Authority (CA) and that the website’s identity matches the information in the certificate. However, free SSL certificates typically support Domain Validation (DV) only, which confirms that the certificate applicant controls the domain they intend to secure but doesn’t conduct additional checks to establish the legal identity of the requester.
Obtaining a free DV certificate is a quick process, often taking less than five minutes.
In contrast, paid SSL certificates offer not only Domain Validation but also Organization Validation (OV) and Extended Validation (EV) options. OV and EV certificates verify the legitimacy of the business, providing the highest assurance that the website is genuine.
This validation process may require additional documentation and the certificate can take anywhere between 1 to 3 business days to be issued.
3. Website size
The size and complexity of the website is also a deciding factor when looking for SSL certificates. Free SSL certificates are well-suited for entry-level websites, personal sites, blogs, online portfolios, and informational portals. These certificates are sufficient for websites with static content and no payment gateways.
On the other hand, larger and more complex websites, such as e-commerce platforms, non-profits, enterprises, fintech startups, and financial institutions operating in highly regulated industries, typically opt for paid SSL certificates. These businesses require a higher level of customer trust to remain competitive and often handle more sensitive data.
4. Customer support
Customer support is a crucial consideration when it comes to SSL certificates. Paid SSL certificate providers, including CAs and SSL vendors, typically offer dedicated support around the clock. This support can be invaluable in quickly resolving any issues related to certificate orders or configurations, ensuring the security and functionality of your website.
In contrast, providers offering free SSL certificates are less likely to respond promptly to support requests, as they may prioritize their paid services over free offerings.
5. Geo-restrictions
Another important factor to consider is geographical restrictions. Free SSL certificates may not be available for all regions, which can be inconvenient for companies operating outside of those areas. Free SSL certificates from Amazon and Cloudflare are typically limited to customers using specific hosting services, such as Elastic Load Balancers and Amazon CloudFront. This limitation can make it impossible to use these certificates if you are hosted by a different provider.
In contrast, paid SSL certificates can typically be installed anywhere in the world, provided they are available for purchase in your jurisdiction. However, it’s worth noting that some commercial CAs may not operate in certain countries due to political or economic reasons, in which case a free SSL certificate may be a viable alternative.
6. Ownership
Ownership and control over SSL certificates can vary between free and paid options. When you purchase a paid SSL certificate, you have full ownership and can install it on any server and hosting provider of your choice. The certificate is yours, and you have complete control over it.
However, free SSL certificates from providers like Amazon and Cloudflare are often tied to specific services or hosting platforms. If you switch your hosting provider or move away from the service offering the free certificate, then the certificate may no longer be valid.
7. Browser compatibility
Paid SSL certificates generally enjoy broad browser compatibility, working seamlessly with 99.9% of browsers, including older and legacy versions. They are also well-suited for mobile devices and mobile browsers. These certificates are typically supported by most operating systems, email clients, and VPN appliances.
Free SSL certificates also have good browser support, but they may not be as comprehensive as their paid counterparts. They can be less predictable on legacy browsers or lesser-known systems and may not work on older mobile phones. Additionally, installing a free certificate on certain platforms can be more challenging and may require advanced technical knowledge.
8. Security features
While free SSL certificates have their advantages, they are not without their drawbacks. One significant concern is their susceptibility to hacker abuse. Cybercriminals have exploited the trust system of SSL certificates by obtaining free certificates for fake websites hosted on sub-domains related to legitimate domain names. This practice can deceive users into trusting fraudulent websites, putting their security at risk.
Moreover, phishers have used free certificates to conduct scams and deceive customers. Despite the noble intention of providing universal encryption, free SSL certificates have been misused by cybercriminals, highlighting the importance of considering the potential risks associated with these certificates.
Paid SSL certificates often come with additional security enhancements to further protect websites from cyber threats. These features may include advanced vulnerability assessments and daily malware scanning, which help prevent hackers from launching multiple attacks and keep online businesses safe.
9. Validity period
Most free SSL certificates typically have a shorter validity period, often lasting for 90 days at the most. While some servers allow for automated renewal, others may lack this feature, necessitating manual renewal every three months. This can become a cumbersome security concern, especially for websites with multiple certificates to manage.
Paid SSL certificates generally have a maximum validity period of one year, although multi-year SSL subscriptions are also available, offering cost savings and reducing the administrative overhead associated with frequent renewals.
SSL free vs paid: Pros and cons
Below is a summary of the pros and cons of free SSL vs paid SSL
Free SSL Certificates
Pros
- Cost-efficiency: Requires no financial investment. They’re ideal for website owners with tight budgets.
- Encryption: Free SSL certificates provide the same level of encryption as their paid counterparts.
- Quick setup: Obtaining and installing a free SSL certificate is usually a straightforward process, and some providers even offer automation.
- Basic security: This is good for personal blogs, small websites, or non-profit organizations that don’t handle sensitive data.
Cons
- Limited validation: Free SSL certificates often provide only Domain Validation (DV), which verifies domain ownership but not the identity of the website owner or organization.
- Short validity period: Free SSL certificates typically have shorter lifespans, often requiring renewal every 90 days.
- No warranty: Free versions do not come with a warranty, leaving you without financial protection in case of security breaches.
- Lack of trust indicators: Free certificates may lack visual trust indicators like a green address bar or business name in the certificate.
- Limited support: Technical support for free SSL certificates can be minimal, making troubleshooting more challenging.
Paid SSL Certificates
Pros
- Robust validation: Paid SSL certificates offer various levels of validation, including Domain Validation (DV), Organization Validation (OV), and Extended Validation (EV), providing a higher level of trust and authentication.
- Extended features: Paid certificates often come with advanced features such as vulnerability assessments, daily malware scanning, and reputation monitoring, enhancing your website’s security.
- Warranty: Paid SSL certificates typically include a warranty that covers financial losses in the event of a security breach, providing added peace of mind.
- Extended validity: Paid certificates have longer validity periods, reducing the frequency of certificate renewals and associated administrative tasks.
- Dedicated support: Paid SSL providers usually offer dedicated customer support, ensuring prompt assistance in case of issues.
Cons
- Cost: The primary and perhaps the only drawback of paid SSL certificates is the cost, which can vary depending on the level of validation and features included. For basic personal websites or blogs, the added features and cost of a paid SSL certificate may be unnecessary.
- Complex setup: Setting up and configuring paid SSL certificates may require more time and technical expertise compared to their free counterparts.
Multiple companies provide SSL certificates. ZNetLive, a trusted distributor of SSL certificates powered by Comodo, provides paid SSL certificates like DV, OV, and EV that are robust and secure, at pocket-friendly rates. Starting at Rs 78/- per month, the prices are not only good for large firms as well as small companies and personal blogs.
Wrapping up
In the debate of free SSL vs. paid SSL certificates, the choice ultimately hinges on your specific website requirements and security needs. Free SSL certificates are a viable option for basic websites and blogs with minimal security demands. However, they may lack the comprehensive validation, extended features, and customer support found in paid SSL certificates, as explained above.
Paid SSL certificates, while incurring a cost, provide a higher level of trust, security, and authentication. They are well-suited for e-commerce platforms, businesses, and websites that handle sensitive data. Additionally, paid certificates offer warranties, technical support, and advanced security features, making them a prudent investment for those prioritizing website security and customer trust.
Image credit: Freepik
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